Commercial property

Accessing commercial property

Sadly, very few of us are in a position to go out and buy an office block, supermarket or warehouse – and even the wealthiest of us would struggle to buy a portfolio of several different properties in different sectors of the market and across different geographical areas to build-up a broad diversified portfolio. This is where investment funds come in, offering access to this asset to the end investor.

We all think we know a bit about property I’m sure. After all, most of us live in one, whether it’s a studio flat in Wapping, a two-up, two-down in Kettering or a 25-bedroom mansion in the Scottish Highlands. With luck and a fair wind they should retain – and hopefully increase – their value over the long term. That said, we know that the value of property can go down as well as up.

Some people will own a second property – or even a portfolio of properties – which they let out to tenants, but few of us are in that position. Most of us don’t view our house as an investment, but as a place to live, and few of us earn any income from it – in fact most of us find that buying a house uses a high proportion of our income rather than contributing to it.

Over recent years, a growing number of us have also come to understand the potential of a different kind of property – commercial property – for example offices, shops and warehouses. Commercial property can offer a valuable opportunity to diversify an investment portfolio as it can play a key role alongside shares, bonds and cash.

As with any asset, there are risks involved. Capital values can rise or fall as demand for space goes up and down with the business cycle. The amount that tenants are willing to pay in rent will vary with their turnover. We have all seen empty shops on the high street and ‘To Let’ signs on office blocks as businesses have become victim to challenging market conditions. As with any asset, it is important to understand the fundamentals and to work with an expert adviser to understand how it might fit into your investment portfolio. 

What do property funds invest in?

Direct commercial property

Funds buy commercial property which they then lease to tenants. This commercial property can be broadly divided into four broad areas:

  • Retail:  Such as small high street shop units, department stores, shopping centres, out-of-town retail warehouses and supermarkets.
  • Offices:  Everything from individual buildings let to a single tenant to large business parks with many tenants.
  • Industrial:  Focuses primarily on storage and distribution warehouses.
  • Other:  This includes some of the less mainstream types of property, for example hotels, student accommodation or leisure complexes. Many of the properties in this sector are relatively new areas for investment and can provide useful potential for investment diversification


Overseas as well as UK property

Until fairly recently it would have been nigh on impossible for UK investors to have access to funds holding bricks-and-mortar properties outside the UK. This is no longer the case. Funds investing in Continental Europe and in the Asia-Pacific region can offer new opportunities to diversify exposure to commercial property.

Property shares

Another way to gain exposure to the property market is through buying shares in publicly-listed companies, in the UK and overseas, that themselves own and manage portfolios of buildings. Most of these listed companies are known as Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). Well-known examples in the UK include Land Securities and British Land.

Commercial property can offer a valuable opportunity to diversify an investment portfolio



Funds can be exclusively dedicated to property shares while other funds which mainly hold bricks and mortar property may hold some shares in these companies where the investment team believes there is potential for growth, or as a means to diversify a bricks and mortar property portfolio.

REITs have similarities with direct property investment, as the listed companies own tangible assets – bricks-and-mortar commercial property – and their long-term performance is likely to reflect the performance of the underlying property market. However, REITs are traded as shares, so tend to be much more volatileVolatilityVolatility frequently refers to the Standard Deviation of the change in value of a financial instrument with a specific time horizon. It is used to quantify the risk of the instrument over that time period. Volatility is typically expressed in annualised terms, and it may either be an absolute number (£5) or a fraction of the initial value (5%). in the short term.

Cash

Property funds normally hold a proportion of their assets in cash to enable the fund to pay out to investors exiting the fund, to support asset management projects and to meet the day-to-day running expenses of the fund.